Keberkesanan Kursus Induksi Umum Kakitangan Kerajaan Kumpulan Sokongan : Pengalaman Perlaksanaan Oleh Institut Perguruan Kedah

In general, this study aims to explore the effectiveness of induction course that were conducted by the Kedah Institute of Management to the public service personnel mainly the supportive group of course participants (the experimental group) and a group of non-participants (the control group). The non-participants respondents selected were the effectiveness is based upon the contact of respondents (experimental group) pre and post course perceptual changes. The findings are then compared with the perception of the control group for the same period of time. Model proposed by Kerlinger (1986) is the main reference of this study. Explaination and elaboration by Deees (1994) and Heiman (1998) is used to support the constructed model. Opinion from Yahaya (1998) and Sakaran is considered while making the justification of the population and the questionnaire reliability. Descriptive statistical analysis method, frequency, means and percentages were employed. Reference made from Rossi and Freeman (1993) in determining the significance difference outcomes toward making the conclusion, in relation to difference achievements between the two groups. There are two important findings resulted from this study. The experimental group showed and overall perception increase towards the course as compared to the control group. This indicates that the course conducted is effective. However, the increase in the perception of secondary objective of related exceeds the perception of primary objective is the main objective set by the government. The perception change towards primary objective should exceed the change of perception in the secondary objective

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN SISTEM FORMAT MODULASI OPTIK NRZ-DPSK & RZ-DPSK TERHADAP NRZ-OOK PADA SISTEM LIGHTWAVE BERKECEPATAN TINGGI

ABSTRAKSI: Sistem komunikasi serat optik adalah salah satu wujud kemajuan teknologi di bidang komunikasi. NRZ–OOK adalah format dasar yang digunakan dalam sistem komunikasi serat optik. Seiring perkembangan teknologi yang bertambah maju, NRZ-OOK pun dianggap kurang memuaskan terutama dalam hal performansi dan toleransinya terhadap efek-efek linier maupun non-linier yang merupakan bagian penting dari sistem ini. Berbagai usaha pun dilakukan untuk mendapatkan sistem format modulasi yang dianggap bisa memenuhi kebutuhan transfer data yang semakin besar. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan suatu modulator eksternal, Mach Zehnder yang dapat menghasilkan berbagai macam format modulasi.Modulator mach zehnder ini dapat menghasilkan beberapa jenis format modulasi optik. Beberapa modulasi yang dihasilkan tersebut dianggap mampu menjawab kebutuhan performansi yang lebih baik guna mengimbangi pesatnya perkembangan teknologi, baik dari segi kecepatan data maupun kebutuhan kualitas sinyal data yang baik.Untuk mengetahui format mana dari keluaran Mach Zender yang memiliki performansi yang lebih baik, tugas akhir ini membahas dua dari beberapa format modulasi yang dihasilkan modulator Mach Zender. Dua format itu adalah NRZ-DPSK dan RZ-DPSK. Dengan BER sebagai parameter pembanding utama, performansi dua sistem format modulasi tersebut dibandingkan satu sama lain dan juga akan dibandingkan dengan format NRZ-OOK yang saat ini digunakan untuk aplikasi pada sistem komunikasi optik. Pada tugas akhir ini juga akan dijabarkan karakteristik dari format modulasi yang disebutkan di atas, dan toleransinya terhadap pelemahan baik linier maupun non-linier.Kata Kunci : NRZ-DPSK, RZ-DPSK, NRZ-OOKABSTRACT: Fiber optic communication system is one shape of technology progression in telecommunication sector. NRZ-OOK is base format which is used in fiber optic communication system. As progression of technology, NRZ-OOK considered cannot fulfill the needs of performance and the tolerance towards linier effects and non-linier effects anymore. Many effort had been made to get any modulation format system which can fulfill the needs of data transfer that is been growing. One of the efforts is by using an external modulator of mach zehnder that can produce many modulation formats.This modulator of mach zehnder can produce some kind of optical modulation formats. Some of the modulations can fulfill the needs of better performance on purpose to follows the rapid progression of technology. This fulfillment can be made either in data rate side or the needs of good data singnal quality.In order to knowing the better performance of modulation formats that produced by mach zehnder, this final task examines two of the others of modulation formats that can be produced by mach zehnder. These two formats are NRZ-DPSK and RZ-DPSK. By BER as main comparator parameter, the performances of the two modulation format system being compared one of another and also compared to NRZ-OOK format. In this final task also examined the characteristic of mentioned modulation formats, and its tolerance towards linier or non-linier weakening.Keyword: NRZ-DPSK, RZ-DPSK, NRZ-OO

Islamic Law and Sustainable Development Goals

This study aims to analyze Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) prescribed by United Nations Development Program (UNDP) under Islamic Law. This paper is qualitative method of research analyzing SDGs under verses of Holy Qur'an and traditions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. This study found that what SDGs ask member states to do has been prescribed in Holy Qur'an and Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ way back 1400 years ago and demanded by Almighty Allah and the last Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for eradication of poverty, hunger, malnutrition etc. Islamic law prohibits usury, gambling, uncertainty and other illegal activities to protect poor people of the society against rich landlords. Therefore, member states are required to follow SDGs to achieve peace, harmony and economic growth for betterment of humanity which is also a duty under verses of Holy Qur'an and traditions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to achieve success in this world and in the hereafter

Pharmaceutical patents and access to essential medicines in sub-Saharan Africa

The World Trade Organisation (WTO) agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) has reawakened old arguments over the impact of the intellectual property (IP) system on public access to essential medicines. As used here, essential medicines are those needed in symptom management, palliative care, and in the treatment of infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malaria, tuberculosis, and sleeping sickness in places like sub-Saharan Africa. Some argue that patents will further inhibit access to these medicines in sub-Saharan Africa. Others, however, argue the opposite. The latter maintain that patent protection under TRIPS can promote the growth of the pharmaceutical industry in places like sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, they assert that pharmaceutical patents are not responsible for the limited access to essential medicines in sub-Saharan Africa. Instead, they trace the problem of access to non-patent factors, such as poverty, the lack of supportive infrastructure, and poor governance. This paper set out to assess these contrasting arguments, with a view to determining the actual impact that pharmaceutical patents may be having on access to essential medicines in sub-Saharan Africa. Keyword search of electronic databases was conducted, in addition to a review of relevant literature from print sources. A manual analysis then followed. It was found that, rather than a single set of factors, both patent and nonpatent factors combine to inhibit access to essential medicines in sub-Saharan Africa. It is imperative for sub-Saharan African countries to review current tariff and taxation policies, take steps to improve the supply of vital infrastructure, and strengthen their overall healthcare systems. They should also ensure that their IP systems are supportive of public healthcare needs. Equally important, is that TRIPS and the IP system should be more supportive of sub-Saharan Africa’s struggle to bear its disease burden, rather than focusing narrowly on profit maximisation for pharmaceutical companies. Sub-Saharan Africa also needs increased international financing, private-public collaboration in research, and the sharing of benefits in order to cater effectively for the health needs of its citizens.Key words: Trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (trips), essential medicines, sub-Saharan Africa, pharmaceutical, patents, access, malaria, human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

Expatriates’ Psychological Distress Components of Malaysian Construction Company in Host Country

Psychological distress is pertaining to anything leads to human well-being and satisfaction of the individual. Individual adjustment is a degree of psychological distress that an expatriate faces during an assignment in the host country. Unhappiness with the organisation will contribute to leaving for a prospective employer. Psychological influences such as interaction, reward and, social life contribute to the success of the expatriate. Content analysis was used in the study. The study aimed to determine the factors which led to expatriate's physiological distress. The study had found that there was a need for psychological adjustment while working in the host country.   Keywords: Psychological distress; Expatriate; ConstructioneISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.   DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.223

Review of Development Towards Minimum Quantity Lubrication and High Speed Machining of Aluminum 7075-T6

Nowadays, the challenge in machining industries is focused on achieving high-quality product on component accuracy, and high production rate. It is necessary to enhance existing technology and develop the product with reasonable cost. Thus, researchers have developed advanced technology such as high-speed machining. High-speed machining plays a very important role in achieving cost and time savings together with better surface finish and dimensional accuracy. High-speed machining is being widely employed in the aerospace industry. Aluminum 7075-T6 is one of the popular materials with attractive properties such as high tensile strength, toughness and high corrosion resistance. Minimum quantity lubrication is known as a technique to provide the best cutting performances. This paper provides the recent studies in minimum quantity lubrication and high-speed machining of aluminum 7075-T6. The influence of high-speed machining process parameters in term the surface roughness and relevant cutting fluid technique have been discussed based on the findings of the recent studies

Gait Recognition based on Inverse Fast Fourier Transform Gaussian and Enhancement Histogram Oriented of Gradient

Gait recognition using the energy image representation of the average silhouette image in one complete cycle becomes a baseline in model-free approaches research. Nevertheless, gait is sensitive to any changes. Up to date in the area of feature extraction, image feature representation method based on the spatial gradient is still lacking in efficiency especially for the covariate case like carrying bag and wearing a coat. Although the use of Histogram of orientation Gradient (HOG) in pedestrian detection is the most effective method, its accuracy is still considered low after testing on covariate dataset. Thus this research proposed a combination of frequency and spatial features based on Inverse Fast Fourier Transform and Histogram of Oriented Gradient (IFFTG-HoG) for gait recognition. It consists of three phases, namely image processing phase, feature extraction phase in the production of a new image representation and the classification. The first phase comprises image binarization process and energy image generation using gait average image in one cycle. In the second phase, the IFFTG-HoG method is used as a features gait extraction after generating energy image. Here, the IFFTG-HoG method has also been improved by using Chebyshev distance to calculate the magnitude of the gradient to increase the rate of recognition accuracy. Lastly, K-Nearest Neighbour (k=NN) classifier with K=1 is employed for individual classification in the third phase. A total of 124 people from CASIA B dataset were tested using the proposed IFTG-HoG method. It performed better in gait individual classification as the value of average accuracy for the standard dataset 96.7%, 93.1% and 99.6%compared to HoG method by 94.1%, 85.9% and 96.2% in order. With similar motivation, we tested on Rempit datasets to recognize motorcycle rider anomaly event and our proposed method also outperforms Dalal Method

Analysis of Mobile Service Providers Performance Using Naive Bayes Data Mining Technique

Recently, the mobile service providers have been growing rapidly in Malaysia. In this paper, we propose analytical method to find best telecommunication provider by visualizing their performance among telecommunication service providers in Malaysia, i.e. TM Berhad, Celcom, Maxis, U-Mobile, etc. This paperuses data mining technique to evaluate the performanceof telecommunication service providers using their customers feedback from Twitter Inc. It demonstrates on how the system could process and then interpret the big data into a simple graph or visualization format. In addition, build a computerized tool and recommend data analytic model based on the collected result. From prepping the data for pre-processing until conducting analysis, this project is focusing on the process of data science itself where Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology will be used as a reference. The analysis was developed by using R language and R Studio packages. From the result, it shows that Telco 4 is the best as it received highest positive scores from the tweet data. In contrast, Telco 3 should improve their performance as having less positive feedback from their customers via tweet data. This project bring insights of how the telecommunication industries can analyze tweet data from their customers. Malaysia telecommunication industry will get the benefit by improving their customer satisfaction and business growth. Besides, it will give the awareness to the telecommunication user of updated review from other users

Customer Satisfaction Towards KR1M Products

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between product flexibility, product quality and advertising on consumer satisfaction among the consumers of Kedai Rakyat 1Malaysia (KR1M), which was established by the government of Malaysia in order to provide common households products at a affordable price to the poor and low income households in Malaysia. This study employed a cross-sectional design and used a self-administered questionnaire and collected data from 150 KR1M consumers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Findings of this study noted that product flexibility, product quality and advertising has a significant positive association with consumer satisfaction. In order to reach its full potential and achieve the overall goal of this development initiative, KR1M initiative should be more focus on providing more shopping options through increasing product flexibility, improve product quality and increase advertising

Fuel saving analysis and stability assessments of malaysian offshore fishing vessels fitted with dual fuel diesel and compressed natural gas

Malaysia fishing industries are heavily dependent on the fossil fuels to satisfy its energy demand. Fuel cost of fishing vessels normally accounts for more than 50% of the annual operating expenses. With the increasing of global fuel prices, the future of this industry has exposed fishermen to uncertain future. Nowadays, clean burning alternative fuel such natural gas has become a great interest for fuel saving. A duel fuel diesel engine is a diesel engine that has been fitted to use compressed natural gas (CNG). Dual fuel engines provide numerous potential advantages such as cost saving, fuel flexibility, lower emissions, better efficiency and easy conversion of existing diesel engines without major modifications. This paper describes a study to reduce fuel consumption by introducing a dual fuel diesel and CNG for Malaysian offshore fishing vessel. An analysis of fuel consumption reduction is presented, together with stability assessments. The results reveals that dual fuel diesel can provide noticeable lower fuel consumption compared to existing diesel engines and stability assessment signify that the conversion to dual fuel engine has no adverse effects to vessel stability